[E] “Place Matters”: Environmental awareness and support to transition policies in Latin AmericaMatthieu CLEMENT, Maître de conférences, HDR Université de Bordeaux
Le 17 déc. 2026 de 13h00 à 14h00
En salle 110 à Bayonne ; en visioconférence TEAMS en salle des thèses à Pau.
Auteurs : Sébastien CARREREa, Matthieu CLEMENTb, Sébastien CUENOTb, and Eric ROUGIERba Grenoble Applied Economics Lab, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, Grenoble INP, Franceb Bordeaux School of Economics, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INRAE, France.
Abstract :
Evidence on the territorial politics of climate change comes mostly from Europe and North America, where rural areas, small towns and intermediate cities are often portrayed as reluctant to support transition policies. Whether this pattern holds in Latin America, where non-metropolitan territories combine high exposure to climate hazards, weaker infrastructure and limited political weight, remains largely unexplored. This paper examines how living outside metropolitan areas shapes climate risk perceptions and support for environmental action. We test two hypotheses. First, non-metropolitan residents may be more aware of environmental risks because they are exposed to localized hazards. Second, they may support environmental policies less than metropolitan residents, as observed in Europe. Our approach combines two sources. We first use LAPOP microdata from 16 Latin American countries (2014–2023) to estimate how place of residence affects risk perceptions and preferences over the trade-off between environmental protection and economic growth. We then draw on 88 qualitative interviews conducted in non-metropolitan territories of Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Mexico to explore the mechanisms behind these patterns. Awareness of climate risks turns out to be widely shared across territories. By contrast, residents of rural areas and small and intermediate cities are significantly more likely than metropolitan residents to prioritize environmental protection over growth. Place of residence outweighs income and other socioeconomic factors in explaining this preference. The interviews show that environmental concerns are strongly place-based. Rather than climate change or carbon emissions, respondents emphasize problems tied to the economic structure of their territory, such as oil and mining spills, refinery emissions, agrochemical use or corporate pressure on water resources. These concerns cut across income, education and political orientation, and are often associated with a sense of public inaction. Non-metropolitan territories in Latin America thus appear less as places of resistance than as potential drivers of the environmental transition.
[E] Who Is Most at Risk? Uncovering the Determinants of Population Vulnerability to Heat Waves in France
Le 12 nov. 2026 de 13h00 à 14h00
Marc POURROY, Maître de conférences | UFR Sciences économiques | Université de Poitiers
En salle 110 à Bayonne ; en visioconférence TEAMS en salle des thèses à Pau.
Abstract :
Heat waves are becoming more frequent in France, raising concerns about their public health impacts. Using Emergency Unit Territories as a spatial unit, we examine how exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity shape vulnerability to extreme heat by collecting environmental, demographic, socioeconomic and health access data at the municipality level. Our results show that high temperatures and age significantly increase hospital admissions and emergency room visits, while wealth and vegetation mitigate health risks. Additional factors, such as high humidity, the share of foreigners, limited mobility, and greater distance to emergency services exacerbate heat-related vulnerability within a territory. These findings challenge assumptions about the primary drivers of heat vulnerability and highlight the importance of targeted policies, such as strengthening support networks for elderly individuals. Finally, projection exercises using the RCP4.5 scenario allow us to simulate the evolution of hospital admissions and the number of hospital beds needed to cope with the adverse effects of rising temperatures by the end of the century.
[E] Impact of the French Ban on Neonicotinoids : A Bee’s Eye View
En visioconférence TEAMS en salle des thèses à Pau.
Abstract :
This paper examines the impact of the 2018 French ban on neonicotinoids (NNI) on flower-visiting insects. We combine geolocated citizen-science data on insects from the SPIPOLL protocol over 2014–2023 with parcel-level information on agricultural land use from the French Land Parcel Information System. Exposure to the ban is the pre-ban average area of the crops potentially treated with neonicotinoids (cereals and crops attractive to pollinators) within a 500 m buffer around each observation. We exploit this heterogeneous exposure in a difference-in-differences framework, using both pooled cross-sections and a panel of revisited buffers.
Buffers neighbouring potentially treated crop parcels host more insect families. After the ban, insect family richness and abundance increase in the most exposed buffers, by about 0.44 families and one additional insect. This recovery is mainly driven by two insect orders: Hymenoptera (sawflies, wasps, bees) and Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), and increases with exposure intensity. The results are robust to observer and plant fixed effects, alternative exposure measures and a placebo on never-treated grassland. In contrast, we find no significant recovery for bees. This may reflect slow population dynamics, the persistence of NNI in soils, continued use through derogations, or substitution with other insecticides toxic to pollinators.
En visioconférence TEAMS ; en salle des thèses à Pau et en salle 110 à Bayonne.
Abstract :
This paper examines household saving decisions during mortgage origination using
loan-level observations from Crédit Logement (1996-2021). We document a U-shaped relationship between loan-to-value (LTV) ratios and income: higher income increases LTV at the bottom and top of the distribution, but reduces it in the middle. We iden- tify four mechanisms driving this pattern: an income constraint channel at the bottom, where higher income relaxes flow constraints on mortgage payments, a precautionary savings motive that pushes households to preserve liquid wealth, a cost minimization channel in the middle, where households cross LTV thresholds to reduce interest rates, and an alternative investment opportunities channel at the top, where wealthy house- holds exploit arbitrage between mortgage rates and risky asset returns. We develop a dynamic incomplete markets overlapping generations model that rationalizes these empirical patterns and quantifies the relative importance of each channel. Our findings reveal substantial heterogeneity in household responses with important implications for macroeconomic policy transmission.
